Acetylcysteine ( mucomyst ) : drug card
Drug name | # Acetylcysteine. |
Brand name | # Mucomyst. |
Class of drug | # Mucolytic agent. # antidote. |
Indications | # Mucolytic agent in Bronchial disorders, chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, pulmonary complications of surgery. # Antidote for acetaminophen poisoning. |
Mechanism of action | # As mucolytic agent: disrupts disulfide bonds in mucoproteins thereby lowering viscosity of mucus. # As antidote for acetaminophen poisoning: complexes with hepatotoxic free radial metabolite of acetaminophen and inactivates it. |
route / Dosage form | # Route : Oral, inhalation, IV. # Dosage form : Soln: 10, 20% |
Dose | # Bronchial disorders, chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, pulmonary complications of surgery :- * Adults: 6–10 mL of 10% solution, q2–3 hours by nebulizer. * Children: 3–5 mL of 10% solution, q2–3 hours by nebulizer. * Infants: 2–4 mL of 10% solution, t.i.d. to q.i.d., IV. * Alternate: 20% solution may be given in half of above volumes. # Antidote for acetaminophen poisoning * Adults, children: Initially 140 mg/kg, then 70 mg/kg q4h orally x 17 doses. All 17 doses must be given, even if acetaminophen levels have declined to non-toxic range. If patient has emesis with 1 hour of dose, repeat dose immediately. |
Pregnancy / Lactation | # Pregnancy: Category B. # Lactation: No data available. Best to avoid. |
Adverse reactions | # Common: vomiting, olfactory disturbance. # Serious: bronchospasm (especially in asthmatics), hypotension. |
Important interactions | # None |
Contraindications / precautions | # As inhaled drug: may induce bronchospasm. If this occurs, administer bronchodilator; suction bronchial secretions if they develop after inhalation. # Elderly: May have reduced cough reflex and therefore reduced ability to clear airway of liquefied mucus. May need concomitant suction. # For patient with asthma or hyperactive airway disease, a bronchodilator should be administered before acetylcysteine. |
Other notes | # To be given before meals and just before bedtime for asthma. # As antidote for acetaminophen poisoning: Administer as quickly as possible. Most useful if given within 12 hours of ingestion of acetaminophen. |
Practical notes | # Rinse mouth out and wash face after treatment to remove adhering drug. |
Generic names | # Egypt :- Acetylcistein , ACC , Mucomyst . # KSA :- ------ |
# prepared by : Dr.Mohamed Abd Elrahman
# References: - Handbook of clinical drug data, 10th edition. - Clinician's handbook of prescription drugs . - Physicians' Drug Manual 2005 Edition . - Egyptian drug index . - Saudi drug index .
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